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Perceived deficiencies of the petition process and availability of an ombudsman reform model; based on conference paper.

Since the 2004 presidential campaign, when the Bush presidential advance team prevented anyone who seemed unsympathetic to their candidate from attending his ostensibly public appearances, it has become commonplace for law enforcement officers and political event sponsors to classify ordinary expressions of dissent as security threats and to try to keep officeholders as far removed from possible protest as they can. Thus without formally limiting free speech the government places arbitrary restrictions on how, when, and where such speech may occur. .

"Bulletin of the University of Minnesota, December 1917." ; Published also as thesis (Ph. D.) University of Minnesota, 1916. ; "Bibliographical notes for the Parliament of 1628": p. [68]-74. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Contains also t.-p. of the original issue. ; Published also as the University of Minnesota Studies in the social sciences, no. 8. ; Cover title. ; Thesis (PH. D.)--University of Minnesota, 1916. ; "Bibliographical notes for the Parliament of 1628": p. [68]-74. ; Mode of access: Internet.

This book looks at petitions over the last five centuries to reconstruct the lives and opinions of 'humble' petitioners. Since Pharaonic times, governments have allowed their subjects to voice opinions in the form of petitions, which have demanded a favour or the redressment of an injustice. To be effective, a petition had to mention the request, usually a motivation and always the name or names of the petitioners. As a result, grievances of ordinary people which were not written down anywhere else are now stored safely in the archives of the authorities to which the petitions were addressed. The petitions considered in this book, which come from all over the globe, offer rich and valuable sources for social historians

With the power of petition at their fingertips, Americans have the ability to make a difference. This nonfiction book explains the purpose of petitions and how they can be used to create change. Includes a related fiction piece, glossary, and other tools.

Article 55 of the United Nations Charter commits the member States to promote "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion," recognising thus for the first time the individual as a subject of international law. This would have certainly been a very welcome step—yet we can hardly overlook the fact that very little has been done during the years since 1945, to enable the individual to enjoy this right, guaranteed by the Charter. The "Bill of Rights," promised in 1946, is far from being completed and ripe for ratification. Rescinding a decision of its fifth session in favour of the inclusion of economic, social and cultural rights in the Draft Covenant of Human Rights, the General Assembly voted during its sixth session in favour of the drafting of two Covenants, one to guarantee civil and political rights and the other economic, social and cultural rights. The drafts of these two documents in the form they emerged from the ninth session of the UN Commission on Human Rights (April 7 to May 30, 1953) do not provide possibilities for the individual to petition an international authority in case of an alleged violation of the Covenant's provisions—in spite of the opinion expressed by the General Assembly at its third session in 1948, that "the right of petition is an essential human right."